![[ai-label_trianfgle-no-ai-used-protected-intensity-DEFAULT-V2.png|44]] ![[Screenshot 2026-03-09 202904.png|501]] ![[Screenshot 2026-03-15 132730.png]] ![[Screenshot 2026-03-15 132752.png]] **Pronunciation:** Itamar rabi yosei b’rabi chanina amar t’filot avot teeknoom rabi yehoshua ben levi amar t’filot ke neged tamidin teeknoom. Tania kevatay d’ravi yosei b’ravi chanina levi tania. **Rough Translation:** It was stated in connection with Ravi Yosei (belonging to the school of, son of, or with) Ravi Chanina, it has been stated (said by an important person), that it was argued that the ancestors, they established / ordained Ravi Yehoshua ben levi, who said, argued, or proclaimed, as to draw a line on constant daily practice (prayer?). … **Nice Translation:** It was noted that in connection with Ravi Yosei, belonging to or the son of Ravi Chanina, that the practice of prayer established by the ancestors or agreed with Ravi Yehoshua Ben Levi, who argued that a line should be drawn on the constant practice of daily prayer (by the Patriarchs). **Correction:** It was stated, Rabi Yosei son of Ravi chanina said, prayers, *(the)* ancestors *(fathers)* established them. He said, prayers corresponding to daily sacrifices, they *(rabbis, tannaim, ancestors?)* established them. And it was taught like the tanna of Ravi Chanina. ### Marginalia - [[Amoraim- אָמוֹרָאִים]] ( a group of rabbi’s, 2nd generation) were talking about the mishna. - Wikipedia states that there were over 750 named Amorim. Aramaic/ Hebrew. Check out ‘Who’s Who in The Talmud’ book. - 1st gen rabbi’s were [[Tannaim]]. 0-200 c.e. Mishna/ Barahot - Hebrew - **Maimre -** A statement by an Amorim. Aramaic/ Hebrew. - [[Savoraim]] 520-700c.e. 3rd gen rabbi’s. Aramaic. - **Binyamin -** Verb forms. *There are Hebrew and Aramaic binyamin (there’s some differences.)* #### Scholars: ![[ahqgz6ezcnfw5798oik7ttkmj5fa3p9.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-16 200959.png]]*‘Nounifying Tav’* a tav prefix that converts it to a noun. - Prayer times were there to correspond with the daily sacrifices.![[Screenshot 2026-03-16 202028.png]] *** ![[IMG_20260316_203216082n.jpg]] **Pronunciation:** Tania kuvavtay d’ravi yosei b’ravi chanina avraham tekayn t’filat shakarit shenay-amar <mark style="background: #BBFABBA6;">vayashkeyn avraham b’boker el ha’makom asher amad sham </mark>v’ain amidah ela t’filah shenay-amar v’ya’amod pinchas v’i'falel. **Rough Translation:** The Tannia states (he teaches), according to the opinion of Ravi Yosei Chanina, Abraham (v?) established morning prayer because it has been stated, and *he will rise* early, Abraham, in the morning, (towards, G-d) the place which to stand, not only … but *(there is no…except…)* **Nice Translation:** The Tannia states, according to the opinion of Ravi Yosei Chanina, that Abraham established morning prayer. Because it has been stated, ‘and *he rose* *See: vav ha’hipuch grammar* early, Abraham, in the morning, towards the place, where he stood there (in prayer) and Phineas he judged’. **Correction:** The Tannia states, according to the opinion of Ravi Yosei Chanina, Abraham established morning prayer. Because, it has been states, ‘And he rose early, Abraham, in the morning, towards the place where he stood’ and he judged Phineas. **Kra Options:** - There is no standing without prayer. - Prayer requires standing. - Abraham stood in the morning and thus he was praying. - Abraham standing is meant to be interpreted as Abraham prayed. ![[Screenshot 2026-03-23 202311.png]] ## Marginalia - A degree symbol will let you know that you that a torah verse is being quoted on the page. - **Kra:** A verse from Tanach. - **Kra Proof:** When the rabbi’s pull a piece of Tanach to help them make a point. There are three points that are necessary: - Make a claim - Use a Kra - Make it Make Sense via Midrash “connecting the two together” - **Barita:** A legal or historical document that was not integrated into the [_Mishnah_](https://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-oral-law-talmud-and-mishna) of [Judah ha-Nasi](https://jewishvirtuallibrary.org/yehudah-hanasi-judah-the-prince), is called a _baraita_ (“outside”). - Construct Form: - **Tanna:** ‘Teacher’ or ‘Rehearser’, one who rehearsed opinions and statement of the teachers of the first two centuries. - **Amora:** ‘Expounder’, a functionary who had to explain to the assembly the words of a contemporary sage, making only a series of brief rulings which the Amora would explain in detail. - *See:* [Who were the Tannaim and Amoraim?](https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/tannaim-amp-amoraim/) - *‘v’ain (word to translate) ela’* has a positive, reaffirming connotation and wraps around a word that it is reaffirming. - **Ha'Makom:** the place, A name for G-d specifically for the rabbi’s. - **How to locate:** - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-23 134704.png]] - This is written in Rashi script. It says berashi’ a reference to bereshit (genesis)… <mark style="background: #BBFABBA6;">Bereshit 19:27</mark> - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-19 112259.png]] - **Pinchas:** (name) Phineas - It seems prayer was something that really happened afterwards, so are the Amoraim just reaffirming their position on their establishment of prayer? The emphasis on how they put importance on prayer, it’s complexities etc. Then they go further to say that there is no standing without prayer. All prayer requires standing. - Who is Phineas? What’s the context for him being mentioned? He is referenced in: Psalms 106:30 ## References: ![[Screenshot 2026-03-19 112729.png]] ![[Screenshot 2026-03-23 194358.png]] ![[Screenshot 2026-03-23 201554.png]] *** ![[sdfh.png|354]] ## Pronunciation: Yitzak teekayn t’filat mincha sh’n’ey’amar <mark style="background: #BBFABBA6;">v’yay’tzay </mark><mark style="background: #BBFABBA6;">yitzak l’shoo-kah b’shed’eh leef’not erev </mark> v’ain selah ela t'efilah. shenay-amar tefilah le’oni ki la’a’tof v’leef’nay hashem yeesh’poke see’cho. ## Rough Translation: Isaac established (fixed) prayer (offering, sacrifice, setting of the sun) afternoon that it is stated, <mark style="background: #BBFABBA6;">and to go forth (he rose / went out, go forth / out) Isaac (to bend, he will bend,) (tract of land, furrow, he threw, he cast, talk, thought, cavity, plant) (turn turn one’s face, to turn from, to go) evening</mark> not only (low talk, whisper) but prayer. As it is said, prayer for one who is afflicted (like, when) he will be poor/ afflicted/feeble/faint and faces before hashem will pour out his talk. ## Nice Translation: Isaac established afternoon prayer, for it was stated that Isaac went out to talk / think in the field (as it) turns (to) evening. And not low talk only prayer. As it is said, prayer for one who is afflicted, he will be feeble and pour out their talk before hashem. ## Correction: ## Marginalia: - **2:** Psalms 106:30 - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-29 144945.png]] - **3:** Bereshit 24:63 ![[Screenshot 2026-03-29 144408.png]] - **sh’n’e’amar** Introduces the Kra! - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-30 194314.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-30 194627.png]] - Book + Verse stated after the quoted reference. - ![[Screenshot 2026-03-30 200448.png]] - It’s a deep expression of grief, sorrow, and quiet prayer, See: Hannah. - How do the rabbi’s do midrash? There are two schools of midrashic techniques. Rabbi Yekiva (doraysh yavin) one who questions every vav (a vav can’t mean anything). Rabbi Yishmael ,Torah speaks like the language of earthlings. There’s a logical system for how the language is used in torah and they way it’s used helps you know what that means. - Rabbi Akvia - דורש ווין - Rabbi Ishmael - דברה תורה כלשון בני אדם # Kra ## Claim: Yitzhak teekayn tefilat mincha. ## Kra: bereshit kaf dalet - Gen 24:63 Yitzhak went out to the field in the evening and did something... ## Midrash: ayn sika ela tefila ## Summary: We know that Yitzak established prayer time in the afternoon. Because he went out to the field in the afternoon to talk. There is no ... without tefilah. *** ![[IMG_20260331_172905504.jpg]] ## Pronunciation Yaakov teekayn t’efilat arev’it sh’n’e’amar, (va’yeef’gah b’makom v’ya’leyn sham), v’ayn pegiah elah t’eeflah shnay’amar v’atah al t’eet’pa’el (3rd person, m.) be’ahd h’am ha’zeh, v’al t’sha (t-sa?) b’adam re’nah voo-tefilah v’al teef-gah bi. ## Rough Translation Jacob established prayer (feminine construct state) of the evening time (evening, sunset, to vouch) (possible nounifier? or grammatical ending?) it is said, (and he made contact in/with place) and he stayed the night there. Not only (making) contact but (there is no contact except) prayer it is said, and you not will pray for people this, and you will not lift up on behalf of them chant/song, and not to beseech, in/with me. ## Nice Translation Jacob established evening prayer, it is said, and he made contact with the place and he stayed the night there. Not only making contact, but prayer. It is said, and you will not lift up a cry of prayer on behalf of this people nor beseech me. ## Correction # Kra: ![[Screenshot 2026-04-13 201947.png]] ## Marginalia: - Reference 5: Genesis - Bereshit 28:11 - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-05 125105.png]] - Reference 6: Jeremiah 7:16 (9+7 not 97) ![[Screenshot 2026-04-05 124958.png]] - ‘vav’ at the beginning transforms the word from future to past tense. - ending ‘tav' transitions it from (word) to (word) time. Like evening can be erevit transitions from evening to evening time. - v’ayn … elah - There is no… except, Not … only etc. - When there is a prefixed form of the verb, the first non of the root is assimilated into the second root letter! - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-13 194651.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-13 201351.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-13 201415.png]] - [Our Creativity As Proof](https://svara.org/our-creativity-as-proof/) *** ![[Screenshot 2026-04-14 120228.png]] ## Pronunciation V’tania *kuvatay* d’ravi yehoshua ben levi, *meep’nay* ma (introducing a question) *amru* *tefilat* (construct state) ha’shakar ad hat’zot *sha’hkaray* tahmid shel shakhar *ka’rayv* v’holek ad hat’zoht, b’ravi yehuda omer ad arba sha’ot tamid shel *sha’khar* *kair’rev* *v’ho’lehk* ad arba sha’ot. ## Rough Translation And the tanna states, according to the opinion of rabi yehoshua ben levi, to turn one’s face (from / nounifier) *(from faces of - because)* *what* which he *they* stated, prayer of the morning, until (midnight, noon?, half) that behold daily sacrifices (constant daily practice) of (to get up early, prayer, morning prayer) morning prayer to be offered and (walking / going) there until (turn, during,) midnight (half, noon?) with rabi Yehuda says to continue until four (fourth) hour constant daily practice (prayer) of to get up early (morning) to offer and there continue (until) the fourth hour. ## Nice Translation And the tanna states, according to the opinion of Rabi Yehoshua Ben Levi, what he stated, morning prayer until noon, that behold the daily offerings were offered there until half. With Rabi Yehuda says to continue until the fourth hour the daily practice of morning prayer, to get up early and offer it until the fourth hour. ## Correction # Kra: **Claim:** **Kra:** **Midrash:** **Summary:** ## Marginalia: - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-20 194622.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-20 194052.png]] - ![[Image20260420195826.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-20 200612.png]] - *Q:* How is this a barita if we saw this in the mishnah? The part about the reason for why… is the part that is the barita. The teaching is in support of the mishnah. - The gemara will often just quote the mishnah. - Construct State: add an ‘of’ *** ![[this weeks to translate.png]] ## Pronunciation oo’meep’nay ma amaru te’filat ha’mincha od ha’arev sha-haray tamid shel *bayn ha’arva-im (between the evenings - late afternoon)* karev v’hoo-lech od ha’erev rabi yehuda amar od palag ha’mincha shachari ‘tamid shel bayn ha’arvim v’hoolech od palag ha’mincha v’meep’nay ma amarv te’filat ha’arev ayn lo kevua shachari a’va’rim v’oof’dar’im she’lo neet’ah’khloo m’ba’erev kerevim v’hoolekh’im kal ha’lilah. ## Rough Translation And because this was stated by them, prayer of the afternoon until the evening (sunset) behold (because) daily practice (daily burnt offering) of *(pierce, split, discern, understand, between, among, or with them)* the evenings (sunsets) offering and there until the evening rabi yehuda said until (divide, distribute, separate, split, share) the offering (afternoon prayer) behold (because) daily prayer (daily sacrifice) of *(pierce, split, discern, understand, between, among, or with them)* the evenings (sunsets) offering (afternoon prayer) until (divide, distribute, separate, split, share) the offering (afternoon prayer) and because this was stated by them, prayer of the afternoon until the evening (sunset). There’s no for established prayer evening and ‘fats’ (the time for the evening prayer that corresponds to the time of the consumption of the limbs and fat-pieces on the altar) … to be consumed (by them) from in the evenings (sunsets) offerings and there all the night. ## Nice Translation And because this was stated by them, afternoon prayer until evening, because of the daily sacrifices of *between the evenings* offering. And because it was stated by them, prayer of the afternoon until evening. For there’s no established evening prayer and the fats (time for evening prayer corresponds to the time of the consumption of the limbs and fat-pieces on the altar)… to be consumed by them from the evenings offering and there all night. ## Correction And because of what was stated by them (they said), prayer of the afternoon until the evening, (that which here is behold) because of the daily sacrifices of between the evenings, (the time between the beginning of the decline of the sun- dusk) of offering and goes until the evening. Rabi yehuda says, until half the afternoon that behold daily offering of between the evenings offer goes until half of the afternoon. On the face of what, they said prayer of the evening there is not to her fixed time. That behold, limbs (of the offering) and fatty pieces that were not consumed (by fire) they, from in the evening, they are offereed (come close) and they go all the night. # Kra: **Claim:** **Kra:** **Midrash:** **Summary:** ## Marginalia ![[Image20260427193901.png]] - https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Gesenius'_Hebrew_Grammar/89._The_Genitive_and_the_Construct_State - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-27 194512.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-27 200425.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-27 201949.png]] - ![[Screenshot 2026-04-27 202812.png]] *** | **Pronunciation:** | | | ------------------ | --- | | *Translation:* | | | **Pronunciation:** | | | *Translation:* | | | **Root** | **Meaning** | **Frank** | **Jast.** | **Word** | | -------- | ----------- | --------- | --------- | -------- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ## Nice Translation ## Corrections # Kra: **Claim:** **Kra:** **Midrash:** **Summary:** ## Marginalia *** ## Complete Pronunciation Review - Itamar rabi yosei b’rabi chanina amar t’filot avot teeknoom rabi yehoshua ben levi amar t’filot ke neged tamidin teeknoom. Tania kevatay d’ravi yosei b’ravi chanina levi tania. - Tania kuvavtay d’ravi yosei b’ravi chanina avraham tekayn t’filat shakarit shenay-amar vayashkeyn avraham b’boker el ha’makom asher amad sham v’ain amidah ela t’filah shenay-amar v’ya’amod pinchas v’i'falel. - Yitzak teekayn t’filat mincha sh’n’ey’amar v’yay’tzay yitzak l’shoo-kah b’shed’eh leef’not erev v’ain selah ela t'efilah. shenay-amar tefilah le’oni ki la’a’tof v’leef’nay hashem yeesh’poke see’cho. - Yaakov teekayn t’efilat arev’it sh’n’e’amar, (va’yeef’gah b’makom v’ya’leyn sham), v’ayn pegiah elah t’eeflah shnay’amar v’atah al t’eet’pa’el  be’ahd h’am ha’zeh, v’al t’sha  b’adam re’nah voo-tefilah v’al teef-gah bi. - V’tania _kuvatay_ d’ravi yehoshua ben levi, _meep’nay_ ma _amru_ _tefilat_ ha’shakar ad hat’zot _sha’hkaray_ tahmid shel shakhar _ka’rayv_ v’holek ad hat’zoht, b’ravi yehuda omer ad arba sha’ot tamid shel _sha’khar_ _kair’rev_ _v’ho’lehk_ ad arba sha’ot. ![[Recording 20260420203018.m4a]]